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The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying IgA Nephropathy: Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets

by Weifeng Wu 1,*
1
Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
JGSR  2024 6(3):116; https://doi.org/10.69610/j.gsr.202408317
Received: / Accepted: / Published Online: 31 August 2024
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Abstract

IgA nephropathy (IgAN), also known as Berger’s disease, is a primary glomerulonephritis characterized by the deposition of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in the glomerular mesangium, leading to progressive renal damage. This condition is prevalent in young adults and frequently follows respiratory or gastrointestinal infections. Approximately 20-40% of patients with IgAN progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) within 20 years of diagnosis. The pathogenesis of IgAN involves genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. Central to the disease is the production of Gd-IgA1, which forms immune complexes with IgG and IgA antibodies. These complexes deposit in the glomeruli, triggering mesangial cell proliferation and inflammation. Environmental triggers, particularly infections, are thought to exacerbate this immune response. Recent research has focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying aberrant glycosylation of IgA1 and the role of immune complexes in disease progression. Targeting these pathways offers promising therapeutic strategies, such as modulating glycosylation enzymes and developing monoclonal antibodies to reduce pathogenic immune complex formation. Advances in diagnostic tools, such as identifying specific glycosylation patterns, are also aiding in early detection and treatment. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in personalizing treatment and addressing the disease’s heterogeneous clinical presentation.

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Copyright: © 2024 by Wu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ACS Style
Wu, W. The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying IgA Nephropathy: Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Journal of Globe Scientific Reports, 2024, 6, 116. doi:10.69610/j.gsr.202408317
AMA Style
Wu W. The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying IgA Nephropathy: Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Journal of Globe Scientific Reports; 2024, 6(3):116. doi:10.69610/j.gsr.202408317
Chicago/Turabian Style
Wu, Weifeng 2024. "The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying IgA Nephropathy: Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets" Journal of Globe Scientific Reports 6, no.3:116. doi:10.69610/j.gsr.202408317

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